Founded in 2001, PharmAthene is one of the leading biodefense companies in the United States. It discovers and develops human therapeutics and prophylactics for the treatment and prevention of morbidity and mortality due to the exposure of chemical and biological weapons. PharmAthene offers SparVax, which is a recombinant protective antigen anthrax vaccine. It also provides Valortim, which is a human monoclonal antibody for the prevention and treatment of anthrax infection. The company offers Protexia, which is a novel bioscavenger that prevents and treats organophosphate nerve agent poisoning. PharmAthene provides a RypVax, which is a recombinant dual antigen plague vaccine.